@article{article, title  = {{Investigating the effect of railway track ballast and bed conditions on the lateral resistance of timber, concrete, steel, and composite sleepers using a novel test methodology}},

 publisher = {{Elsevier BV}},

 url = {{https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.120769 }},

 year = {{2025}},

 month = {{10}},

 author = {{Whittle JW and Słodczyk IA and Danks S and Koh LSC and Fletcher DI}},

 doi = {{10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.120769}},

 volume = {{340}},

 journal = {{Engineering Structures}},

 pages = {{120769-120769}},

 note = {{Accessed on 2025/06/16}}}